Endocrine Anatomy

Pineal gland controls what?	sleep/wake patterns
Pituitary gland is also known as?	master gland
Pituitary gland is located where?	base of the brain
Pituitary gland produces what hormones?	anterior and posterior
Anterior hormones act on what?	the bones, adrenals, thyroid gland, testes, ovaries and mammary glands
Posterior antidiuretic hormone affects what?	kidneys
Posterior hormones produce oxytocin that affects what?	uterus and mammary glands
Thyroid hormone, T3 and T4, regulates what?	metabolic rate of all cells and the process of cell growth and tissue differentiation
Thyroid gland produces calcitonin that does what?	Controls calcium content of blood
There are how many parathyroids and where are they usually located?	4 on back of the thyroid, but occasionally 5
Parathyroids produce parathormone that regulates what?	calcium in tissues
Adrenal glands are located where?	On top of the kidneys
Adrenal glands produce what?	Epinephrine and norepinephrine – flight or fight response
Thymus produces what?	T-cells for immunity
Thymus produces what?	T-cells for immunity
Thymus description?	Functions mostly in childhood, atrophies into fatty tissue as adults
Pancreas as dual functions – what are they?	exocrine for digestion and endocrine for regulating blood sugar
Pancreas produces beta cells that do what?	secrete insulin
Gonads in a male	testes
Gonads in a female?	ovaries
Aortic body is located where?	along the aortic arch
Aortic body does what?	measures blood pressure, carbon dioxide and pH
Carotid body is located where?	Near the fork of the carotid artery
Carotid body does what?	measures oxygen and carbon dioxide